Heavy crude oil has been defined as any liquid petroleum with an API gravity less than 20°. Physical properties that differ between heavy crude oils and lighter grades include higher viscosity and specific gravity, as well as heavier molecular composition. In order of increasing molecular weight, they are volatile oil, black oil, and heavy oil. Heavy-oil reservoirs are of minor interest during pressure depletion because they typically yield only marginal amounts of oil because of their low dissolved-gas contents and high fluid viscosities.

API Gravity- An arbitrary scale expressing the gravity or density of liquid measure for bulk quantities of crude oil, gasoline/diesel fuel, and other refined stocks. ISO Viscosity Grade System- A Classification for industrial lubricants based on  Crude oil is classified as light, medium, or heavy according to its measured API gravity. Light crude oil has an  Crude oil with low carbon, high hydrogen and high API (American Petroleum Institute) is rich in paraffins and produces large quantities of gasoline and light  D287 - 12b(2019) · Standard Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum Particle Shape Classification of Oils Using a Direct Imaging Integrated Tester. Crude oil is also classified after its chemical composition, primarily density and sulfur. Crude Heavy oil is defined as all liquid petroleum with an API below 20. The Basics of Crude Oil Classification. Liquid petroleum pumped from oil wells is called “crude” or "crude oil.". Composed predominantly of carbon, crude oil contains approximately 84 to 87 percent carbon and 11 to 13 percent hydrogen. Crude oil also contains varying amounts of oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, and helium. An API of 10 is equivalent to water, which means any oil with an API above 10 will float on water while any with an API below 10 will sink. The API gravity is used to classify oils as light, medium, heavy, or extra heavy. As the “weight” of an oil is the largest determinant of its market value, API gravity is exceptionally important.

Crude oil is classified as light, medium, or heavy according to its measured API gravity. Light crude oil has an 

Crude oil is classified as light, medium, or heavy according to its measured API gravity. Light crude oil has an  Crude oil with low carbon, high hydrogen and high API (American Petroleum Institute) is rich in paraffins and produces large quantities of gasoline and light  D287 - 12b(2019) · Standard Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum Particle Shape Classification of Oils Using a Direct Imaging Integrated Tester. Crude oil is also classified after its chemical composition, primarily density and sulfur. Crude Heavy oil is defined as all liquid petroleum with an API below 20.

Extra-heavy crude oil: API gravity below 10 °API (higher than 1000 kg/m³) The API degrees indicate whether a crude oil floats on water or sinks. Light crude oils flow easily and contain more volatile components, while extra-heavy crude oils are highly viscous to nearly tar-like and show a higher density.

In the USA, the API oil classification system provides a simple designation for engine oils to ensure that the proper type of oil is selected for an engine. Oil classification systems have been also in place in the EU and Japan.

Crude oils are often classified on the basis of chemical composition, A light crude oil generally has an API (American Petroleum Institute) gravity (see section  

API CK-4 oils exceed the performance criteria of API CJ-4, CI-4 with CI-4 PLUS, CI-4, and CH-4 and can effectively lubricate engines calling for those API Service Categories. When using CK-4 oil with higher than 15 ppm sulfur fuel, consult the engine manufacturer for service interval recommendations. Heavy crude oil; Heavy crude oils have API gravity of under 22.3. Extra heavy oil; Also referred to as bitumen, extra heavy crude oils have API gravity of below 10.0 degrees. While these are accurate classifications it’s important to note that exact differentiations between light, medium, heavy and extra heavy will vary depending on the The designation API GL-1 denotes lubricants intended for manual transmissions operating under such mild conditions that straight petroleum or refined petroleum oil may be used satisfactorily. Oxidation and rust inhibitors, defoamers, and pour depressants may be added to improve the characteristics of these lubricants. ACEA – Industry body consisting of group of European OEMs ACEA Light Duty (LD) Sequences ACEA Heavy Duty (HD) Sequences. •Covers lubricants for heavy duty trucks and buses •Define a minimum “baseline” quality level for lubricants to be used in ACEA members’ engines •Are self-certified – there is no formal approval body.

Light Crude oil is liquid petroleum that has low density and that flows freely at room temperature. It has low viscosity, low specific gravity and high API gravity due 

Extra Heavy oil normally heavier than heavy oil and also have API gravity less than 10° See table bellow to crude oil classification based on API Degree.

API SERVICE CLASSIFICATION FOR PASSENGER CAR ENGINE OIL matches ILSAC GF-5 by combining API SN performance with improved fuel economy,  heavy oils should be classified as “very complicated” accumulations. ( continuous accumulations) from tight gas, coal bed methane, heavy oil (<150 API ), and. 14 Nov 2019 Each barrel of crude oil contains a complex mixture of these The hydrocarbons compounds in crude oil fall into four classifications: paraffins (straight and The API system compares the density of the crude oil to water. 5 Oct 2018 Petroleum, or crude oil, is a fossil fuel and nonrenewable source of Chemistry and Classification of Crude Oil Classification: API Gravity API Gravity- An arbitrary scale expressing the gravity or density of liquid measure for bulk quantities of crude oil, gasoline/diesel fuel, and other refined stocks. ISO Viscosity Grade System- A Classification for industrial lubricants based on  Crude oil is classified as light, medium, or heavy according to its measured API gravity. Light crude oil has an  Crude oil with low carbon, high hydrogen and high API (American Petroleum Institute) is rich in paraffins and produces large quantities of gasoline and light